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Terminology |
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| Algorithms: aka Search Engine
Algorithms: Before there were web search engines there was a complete list of all webservers. The list was edited by Tim Berners-Lee and hosted on the CERN webserver. One historical snapshot from 1992 remains.[1] As more and more webservers went online the central list could not keep up. On the NCSA Site new servers were announced under the title "What's New!" but no complete listing existed any more.[2] The very first tool used for searching on the (pre-web) Internet was Archie.[3] The name stands for "archive" without the "v." It was created in 1990 by Alan Emtage, a student at McGill University in Montreal. The program downloaded the directory listings of all the files located on public anonymous FTP (File Transfer Protocol) sites, creating a searchable database of file names; however, Archie did not index the contents of these sites. The rise of Gopher (created in 1991 by Mark McCahill at the University of Minnesota) led to two new search programs, Veronica and Jughead. Like Archie, they searched the file names and titles stored in Gopher index systems. Veronica (Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-wide Index to Computerized Archives) provided a keyword search of most Gopher menu titles in the entire Gopher listings. Jughead (Jonzy's Universal Gopher Hierarchy Excavation And Display) was a tool for obtaining menu information from specific Gopher servers. While the name of the search engine "Archie" was not a reference to the Archie comic book series, "Veronica" and "Jughead" are characters in the series, thus referencing their predecessor. In June 1993, Matthew Gray, then at MIT, produced what was probably the first web robot, the Perl-based World Wide Web Wanderer, and used it to generate an index called 'Wandex'. The purpose of the Wanderer was to measure the size of the World Wide Web, which it did until late 1995. The search engine Aliweb appeared in November 1993. Aliweb did not use a web robot, but instead depended on being notified by website administrators of the existence at each site of an index file in a particular format. JumpStation (released in December 1993[4]) used a web robot to find web pages and to build its index, and used a web form as the interface to its query program. It was thus the first WWW resource-discovery tool to combine the three essential features of a web search engine (crawling, indexing, and searching) as described below. Because of the limited resources available on the platform on which it ran, its indexing and hence searching were limited to the titles and headings found in the web pages the crawler encountered. One of the first "full text" crawler-based search engines was WebCrawler, which came out in 1994. Unlike its predecessors, it let users search for any word in any webpage, which has become the standard for all major search engines since. It was also the first one to be widely known by the public. Also in 1994 Lycos (which started at Carnegie Mellon University) was launched, and became a major commercial endeavor. Soon after, many search engines appeared and vied for popularity. These included Magellan, Excite, Infoseek, Inktomi, Northern Light, and AltaVista. Yahoo! was among the most popular ways for people to find web pages of interest, but its search function operated on its web directory, rather than full-text copies of web pages. Information seekers could also browse the directory instead of doing a keyword-based search. In 1996, Netscape was looking to give a single search engine an exclusive deal to be their featured search engine. There was so much interest that instead a deal was struck with Netscape by 5 of the major search engines, where for $5Million per year each search engine would be in a rotation on the Netscape search engine page. These five engines were: Yahoo!, Magellan, Lycos, Infoseek and Excite. Search engines were also known as some of the brightest stars in the Internet investing frenzy that occurred in the late 1990s.[5] Several companies entered the market spectacularly, receiving record gains during their initial public offerings. Some have taken down their public search engine, and are marketing enterprise-only editions, such as Northern Light. Many search engine companies were caught up in the dot-com bubble, a speculation-driven market boom that peaked in 1999 and ended in 2001. Around 2000, the Google search engine rose to prominence.[citation needed] The company achieved better results for many searches with an innovation called PageRank. This iterative algorithm ranks web pages based on the number and PageRank of other web sites and pages that link there, on the premise that good or desirable pages are linked to more than others. Google also maintained a minimalist interface to its search engine. In contrast, many of its competitors embedded a search engine in a web portal. By 2000, Yahoo was providing search services based on Inktomi's search engine. Yahoo! acquired Inktomi in 2002, and Overture (which owned AlltheWeb and AltaVista) in 2003. Yahoo! switched to Google's search engine until 2004, when it launched its own search engine based on the combined technologies of its acquisitions. Microsoft first launched MSN Search (since re-branded Live Search) in the fall of 1998 using search results from Inktomi. In early 1999 the site began to display listings from Looksmart blended with results from Inktomi except for a short time in 1999 when results from AltaVista were used instead. In 2004, Microsoft began a transition to its own search technology, powered by its own web crawler (called msnbot). As of late 2007, Google was by far the most popular Web search engine worldwide.[6] [7] A number of country-specific search engine companies have become prominent; for example Baidu is the most popular search engine in the People's Republic of China and guruji.com in India.[8] [edit] How Web search engines work This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (November 2007) A search engine operates, in the following order Web crawling Indexing Searching Web search engines work by storing information about many web pages, which they retrieve from the WWW itself. These pages are retrieved by a Web crawler (sometimes also known as a spider) — an automated Web browser which follows every link it sees. Exclusions can be made by the use of robots.txt. The contents of each page are then analyzed to determine how it should be indexed (for example, words are extracted from the titles, headings, or special fields called meta tags). Data about web pages are stored in an index database for use in later queries. Some search engines, such as Google, store all or part of the source page (referred to as a cache) as well as information about the web pages, whereas others, such as AltaVista, store every word of every page they find. This cached page always holds the actual search text since it is the one that was actually indexed, so it can be very useful when the content of the current page has been updated and the search terms are no longer in it. This problem might be considered to be a mild form of linkrot, and Google's handling of it increases usability by satisfying user expectations that the search terms will be on the returned webpage. This satisfies the principle of least astonishment since the user normally expects the search terms to be on the returned pages. Increased search relevance makes these cached pages very useful, even beyond the fact that they may contain data that may no longer be available elsewhere. When a user enters a query into a search engine (typically by using key words), the engine examines its index and provides a listing of best-matching web pages according to its criteria, usually with a short summary containing the document's title and sometimes parts of the text. Most search engines support the use of the boolean operators AND, OR and NOT to further specify the search query. Some search engines provide an advanced feature called proximity search which allows users to define the distance between keywords. The usefulness of a search engine depends on the relevance of the result set it gives back. While there may be millions of webpages that include a particular word or phrase, some pages may be more relevant, popular, or authoritative than others. Most search engines employ methods to rank the results to provide the "best" results first. How a search engine decides which pages are the best matches, and what order the results should be shown in, varies widely from one engine to another. The methods also change over time as Internet usage changes and new techniques evolve. Most Web search engines are commercial ventures supported by advertising revenue and, as a result, some employ the practice of allowing advertisers to pay money to have their listings ranked higher in search results. Those search engines which do not accept money for their search engine results make money by running search related ads alongside the regular search engine results. The search engines make money every time someone clicks on one of these ads. Revenue in the web search portals industry is projected to grow in 2008 by 13.4 percent, with broadband connections expected to rise by 15.1 percent. Between 2008 and 2012, industry revenue is projected to rise by 56 percent as Internet penetration still has some way to go to reach full saturation in American households. Furthermore, broadband services are projected to account for an ever increasing share of domestic Internet users, rising to 118.7 million by 2012, with an increasing share accounted for by fiber-optic and high speed cable lines.[9] |
| Beiginners:
Blonde - Endowed
- Individuals - Gullible
- Internet -
Newbies
- Now - Enteraining
- Remarkable -
Successes Beiginners are the most trusting and abused individuals on Earth! Beiginners are found "everwhere" and in every endevor, occupation or industry. they are also known as "tenderfoots" - "greenhorns" - "wet behind the ears" and a host of simular names. Beiginners on The Internet aka www are very quickly relieved of their Money, and their wonderful Hopes and Dreams. Beiginners will spend vast amounts of money attempting to "drive traffic" to their Website. Beiginners will give thousands of dollars to unscrupulous carnivores lurking "out of the shadows" on Internet "junk E-mails" and Internet Websites. The Book, "Optimization, Optimizing Websites " will attempt to reach as many Beiginners as possible and save them countless thousands of dollars. The Author will make 7-10% on each book sold. Whup te doo!!! Ten books, ten bucks, before Taxes. After Taxes, it's "Hey Buddy, can you spare a buck for a cup of coffee?" |
| First Page Rankings - First
Page Positioning: What is the value of First Page Rankings on Google and
Yahoo? ebookers From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search ebookers.com is an online travel company based out of the UK and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Travelport, the former travel arm of Cendant which was bought in October 2006 by an affiliate of Blackstone Partners. Travelport split out itself into three companies. The part of the business related to the B2C arm is called Orbitz Worldwide and was floated in the Nasdaq in July 2007. ebookers is a pan-European travel website specialising in the mid and long-haul travel arena, offering a wide and varying range of travel products including hotel reservations, flights, car hire and sports packages. It formerly operated high street travel agents in Ireland, closing its Dublin branch in 2006 and going internet-only.[1] At the time of Cendant's original acquisition (28 February 2005), ebookers was valued at $350 million. ebookers was formed in 1999, by Dinesh Dhamija, but its origins go back almost 20 years. In 1983 Flightbookers Ltd was founded, a London-based travel agency. Flightbookers grew into one of the UK's biggest travel agencies and in 1996 established a website, the first interactive travel website in the UK. This was so successful that in 1999 the internet arm was separated to form ebookers and the new company taken public with a flotation on Nasdaq in New York and Germany's Neuer Markt. The $61M raised at flotation was used to roll-out ebookers across Europe. In November 2000 ebookers bought Flightbookers for $15M, reuniting the two companies. The ebookers website failed to appear on the first page of Google search rankings - this was in part because all websites were hosted on the same external IP address for about 10 months. However, with a change in the hosting infrastructure, it can now be found on the first page of Google's results. ebookers had a platform revamp and a brand relaunch for the UK market in July 2007. ebookers launched a travel news section in the UK, where news related to airlines, airports and popular destinations are updated daily.[2] |
| Google:
Google Inc. is an American public
corporation, earning revenue from advertising related to its Internet search,
e-mail, online mapping, office productivity, social networking, and video
sharing services as well as selling advertising-free versions of the same
technologies. The Google headquarters, the Googleplex, is located in
Mountain View, California. As of December 31, 2008, the company has 20,222
full-time employees.[3] Google was co-founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were students at Stanford University and the company was first incorporated as a privately held company on September 4, 1998. The initial public offering took place on August 19, 2004, raising US$1.67 billion, implying a value for the entire corporation of US$23 billion. Google has continued its growth through a series of new product developments, acquisitions, and partnerships. Environmentalism, philanthropy and positive employee relations have been important tenets during the growth of Google, the latter resulting in being identified multiple times as Fortune Magazine's #1 Best Place to Work.[4] The unofficial company slogan is "Don't be evil", although criticism of Google includes concerns regarding the privacy of personal information, copyright, censorship and discontinuation of services. According to Millward Brown, it is the most powerful brand in the world.[5] |
| Hyperlinks:
In
computing, a hyperlink, usually shortened to link, is a directly followable
reference within a hypertext document. The area from which the hyperlink can be activated is called its anchor; its target is what the link points to, which may be another location within the same page or document, another page or document, or a specific location within another page or document; this depends on the type of hypertext. To insert a hyperlink to another place is often simply called to "link". Hypertext (meaning "more than just" text) is a form of text typically published on websites that provides a richer functionality than simple text documents by enabling the reader to explore interesting links to other web pages linked to specific words or images within the page. Typically the link anchor will be descriptive of to the target's content, for example Wikipedia home page, but badly designed or malicious sites may use obscure links or obfuscated links which make it hard to work out where the link will take you. |
| Internet: Internet From
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search For other uses,
see Internet (disambiguation). The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available servers and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory. The same connection allows that computer to send information to servers on the network; that information is in turn accessed and potentially modified by a variety of other interconnected computers. A majority of widely accessible information on the Internet consists of inter-linked hypertext documents and other resources of the World Wide Web (WWW). Computer users typically manage sent and received information with web browsers; other software for users' interface with computer networks includes specialized programs for electronic mail, online chat, file transfer and file sharing. The movement of information in the Internet is achieved via a system of interconnected computer networks that share data by packet switching using the standardized Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of private and public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, and other technologies. |
| Keywords & Keyword Phrases:
The accurate identification, the proper selection and the final placement of
the right keywords and keyword phrases on your site will be the determining
factor for the rankings the Major Search Engines will give you. Keywords and keyword phrases are the words on your Web Site that need to match these Search Terms in order for your site to drive targeted traffic to your business. Targeted traffic equals qualified prospects which in turn will convert into sales. |
| Newbies:
Newbie is a slang term for a newcomer to online gaming or an Internet
activity. It can also be used for any other activity in whose context a
somewhat clueless newcomer could exist. It can have derogatory connotations,
but is also often used for descriptive purposes only, without a value
judgment. The word newbie is a variant of 'new boy' and comes from British public school and military slang[citation needed]. In the 1960s the term "newbie" also had a limited usage among U.S. troops in the Vietnam War as a slang term for a new man in a unit.[1] Its earliest known usage on the Internet may have been on the USENET newsgroup talk.bizarre.[2] In any case, the term is believed to have entered online usage by 1981.[3] |
|
Robots.text File:
The robot
exclusion standard, also known as the Robots Exclusion Protocol or robots.txt
protocol, is a convention to prevent cooperating web spiders and other web
robots from accessing all or part of a website which is otherwise publicly
viewable. Robots are often used by search engines to categorize and archive
web sites, or by webmasters to proofread source code. The standard
complements Sitemaps, a robot inclusion standard for websites. |
| site_map.xml
: Initially introduced by The Search Engine
Google to quickly "log" any new changes to the Millions of Websites on The
Internet. site_map.xml is now used by Yahoo and the "other" Search Engines.
You absolutely "must" have a registered site_map.xml with Google and Yahoo!
The Sitemaps protocol allows a webmaster to inform search engines about URLs
on a website that are available for crawling. A Sitemap is an XML file that
lists the URLs for a site. It allows webmasters to include additional
information about each URL: when it was last updated, how often it changes,
and how important it is in relation to other URLs in the site. This allows
search engines to crawl the site more intelligently. Sitemaps are a URL
inclusion protocol and complement robots.txt, a URL exclusion protocol. Sitemaps are particularly beneficial on websites where some areas of the website are not available through the browsable interface, or where webmasters use rich Ajax or Flash content that is not normally processed by search engines. The webmaster can generate a Sitemap containing all accessible URLs on the site and submit it to search engines. Since Google, MSN, Yahoo, and Ask use the same protocol now, having a Sitemap would let the biggest search engines have the updated pages information. Sitemaps supplement and do not replace the existing crawl-based mechanisms that search engines already use to discover URLs. By submitting Sitemaps to a search engine, a webmaster is only helping that engine's crawlers to do a better job of crawling their site(s). Using this protocol does not guarantee that web pages will be included in search indexes, nor does it influence the way that pages are ranked in search results.[ |
| SEO: Search Engine Optimizer *** One who "optimizes" a Website, or Websites for the absolute maximum exposure for a Website's "keywords" and "keyword phrases." Some can, some can't |
| Search Engine Rankings: Where a Web site is "listed" on the Search Engines. |
| Search Engine Positioning:: The art of placing an optimized Website on The First Page of The Major Search Engines. Without SEO this is very difficult to achieve even with having a Website completely designed using Java Script and CSS technology. |
| Search Engine Optimization: The Optimization of a Website to achieve maximum results on the Search Engines |
| Website Optimization: The Optimization of a Website to achieve maximum results on the Search Engines |
| Website Positioning: The art of placing an optimized Website on The First Page of The Major Search Engines |
| Website Rankings: Where a Web site is "listed" on the Search Engines |
| Yahoo: The Yahoo Search Engine accounts for over 28% of the Internet Searches within America |
|
Terminology |
Copyrite December 2008